Viruses study sheet

48 rows - free sample of the first 6

Viruses - Viruses study sheet. Genome type, structure, and disease associations across the core viral families.
Virus	Classification	Lab and identification clues	High-yield clue	Associations
Adenovirus	Nonenveloped virus; Double-stranded DNA; Icosahedral capsid concept	PCR vocabulary; Adenoviral inclusion concept; Respiratory viral panel term	Nonenveloped dsDNA + respiratory/conjunctivitis/GI vocabulary.	Pharyngoconjunctival fever vocabulary; Pneumonia outbreak framing; Gastroenteritis comparison
BK virus	DNA virus; Double-stranded circular DNA; Non-enveloped; Family Polyomaviridae (Human polyomavirus 1)	Urinary 'decoy cell' cytology concept; Blood and urine PCR viral-load vocabulary; Renal tubular epithelial tropism concept; Latency in uroepithelium vocabulary	BK virus reactivation causing nephropathy in kidney transplant and hemorrhagic cystitis after stem-cell transplant is the key clue.	Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in kidney transplant; Hemorrhagic cystitis after hematopoietic transplant; Reactivation driven by immunosuppression; Ureteral stenosis study association
Chikungunya virus	Togaviridae; Genus Alphavirus; Positive-sense ssRNA; Enveloped; Arbovirus	RNA detection and serology vocabulary; Polyarthralgia study association; Dengue co-circulation distinction concept	Aedes-transmitted Togaviridae alphavirus whose hallmark is severe, often prolonged polyarthralgia (bent-over posture).	Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus vector; Severe symmetric polyarthralgia and arthritis vocabulary; Fever with rash presentation vocabulary; Tropical outbreak epidemiology
Coxsackievirus	RNA virus; Positive-sense single-stranded RNA; Non-enveloped icosahedral; Family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus	Enterovirus classification concept; Group A vs group B distinction; Stool/throat/CSF detection vocabulary; Vesicular lesion cytology concept	Group A causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease and herpangina, while group B is linked to myocarditis and pleurodynia.	Hand-foot-and-mouth disease and herpangina (group A); Myocarditis and pericarditis (group B); Pleurodynia (Bornholm disease) vocabulary; Fecal-oral and respiratory-droplet spread
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus	Nairoviridae; Order Bunyavirales; Genus Orthonairovirus; Negative-sense ssRNA; Tri-segmented, enveloped	Segmented negative-sense bunyavirus genome vocabulary; Viral hemorrhagic fever framing; Tick-vector epidemiology concept	Bunyavirales nairovirus transmitted mainly by Hyalomma ticks and by contact with infected livestock blood.	Hyalomma tick vector; Contact with viremic livestock blood/tissue; Viral hemorrhagic fever presentation vocabulary; Africa, Eurasia, and Middle East epidemiology
Cytomegalovirus	Enveloped virus; Double-stranded DNA; Herpesvirus	PCR viral-load vocabulary; Serology concept; Owl-eye inclusion teaching image	Herpesvirus + owl-eye inclusion vocabulary + congenital/opportunistic clues.	Congenital infection vocabulary; Mononucleosis-like illness contrast; Opportunistic retinitis/colitis terms

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